Arduino Electronic Ludo Dice

A simple Arduino-based electronic dice system designed for Ludo and other board games. The project uses 7 LEDs to reproduce standard dice patterns from 1 to 6, a push button to start the dice roll, and a buzzer to provide sound feedback during the rolling process.

Project Overview

Traditional dice can be replaced with a compact electronic dice using an Arduino, LEDs, a push button, and a buzzer.

When the user presses the button:

The Arduino detects the button press.
A short buzzer sound is generated.
The LEDs rapidly display randomly generated dice values.
The buzzer produces sound feedback during the rolling animation.
After the rolling sequence, a final random value from 1 to 6 is displayed.
The final dice value remains displayed until the next button press.

The project demonstrates basic concepts of embedded systems, digital I/O, random number generation, LED control, and buzzer interfacing.

Key Features

Random dice generation from 1 to 6
7-LED dice display
Push-button controlled operation
LED-based rolling animation
Buzzer feedback
Final dice value display
Arduino random() function
Random seed using analog input
Simple and low-cost hardware
Suitable for Ludo and other board games

Project Images

Hardware Setup

Circuit Design

Circuit Design with Code

System Workflow

             Push Button
                  |
                  v
        +-------------------+
        |      Arduino      |
        |                   |
        | Random Generator  |
        +---------+---------+
                  |
          +-------+-------+
          |               |
          v               v
     7 LED Display      Buzzer
          |
          v
   Dice Value 1 - 6

Hardware Components

Component	Quantity
Arduino	1
LEDs	7
Push Button	1
Buzzer	1
Current-Limiting Resistors	7
Breadboard	1
Jumper Wires	As required

Pin Configuration

Component	Arduino Pin
LED 1	D2
LED 2	D3
LED 3	D4
LED 4	D5
LED 5	D6
LED 6	D7
LED 7	D11
Push Button	D8
Buzzer	D10
Random Seed	A0

LED Arrangement

The seven LEDs are arranged in a 3×3 dice-style layout.

D2                 D7
●                   ●


D4        D6        D5
●         ●         ●


D3                 D11
●                   ●

LED Position Mapping

Position	Arduino Pin	Array Index
Top Left	D2	`leds[0]`
Bottom Left	D3	`leds[1]`
Middle Left	D4	`leds[2]`
Middle Right	D5	`leds[3]`
Center	D6	`leds[4]`
Top Right	D7	`leds[5]`
Bottom Right	D11	`leds[6]`

The LED array is defined in the program as:

int leds[] = {2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11};

Dice Display Patterns

Dice Value 1

●

Dice Value 2

Dice Value 3

Dice Value 4

●                 ●


●                 ●

Dice Value 5

●                 ●

        ●

●                 ●

Dice Value 6

●                 ●
●                 ●

●                 ●

How the Dice Works

1. Button Detection

The push button is connected to D8 and configured using the Arduino's internal pull-up resistor.

pinMode(buttonPin, INPUT_PULLUP);

The program detects a button press when the signal changes from HIGH to LOW.

if (lastButtonState == HIGH && buttonState == LOW)

2. Button Sound

When the button is pressed, the buzzer produces a short beep.

void iSound() {
  tone(buzzerPin, 1500, 100);
}

This indicates that the dice rolling process has started.

3. Random Dice Generation

The Arduino generates a random number between 1 and 6.

random(1, 7);

The upper limit of the Arduino random() function is exclusive, so:

random(1, 7)

produces:

4. Rolling Animation

The dice does not immediately show the final result.

Instead, the program repeatedly generates random values:

for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
    showDice(random(1, 7));
    amAbhikSound();
    delay(70);
}

This creates a rapid LED animation that simulates a physical dice roll.

5. Rolling Sound

During the rolling animation, the buzzer produces two tones.

void amAbhikSound() {

  tone(buzzerPin, 900, 40);
  delay(50);

  tone(buzzerPin, 700, 80);
}

These tones provide custom audio feedback during the dice rolling process.

6. Final Dice Value

After the rolling animation, the Arduino generates one final random number.

showDice(random(1, 7));

The corresponding LED pattern remains displayed until the next button press.

Random Seed

The program initializes the random number generator using analog input A0.

randomSeed(analogRead(A0));

This provides a changing starting value for the pseudo-random number generator.

LED Control Logic

The showDice() function first turns OFF all LEDs.

void clearLEDs() {
  for (int i = 0; i < 7; i++) {
    digitalWrite(leds[i], LOW);
  }
}

Then the required LEDs are turned ON according to the generated dice value.

For example, the value 1 uses the center LED:

if (n == 1)
    digitalWrite(leds[4], HIGH);

Since:

leds[4] = D6

D6 acts as the center LED.

For value 6, six LEDs are activated:

if (n == 6) {
    digitalWrite(leds[0], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(leds[1], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(leds[2], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(leds[3], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(leds[5], HIGH);
    digitalWrite(leds[6], HIGH);
}

Software

Programming Language: Arduino C/C++
Development Environment: Arduino IDE
Version Control: Git
Repository Hosting: GitHub

Project Structure

Arduino-Electronic-Ludo-Dice/
│
├── images/
│   ├── Circuit Design with code.png
│   ├── Circuit Design.png
│   ├── Hardware 1.png
│   └── Hardware 2.png
│
├── src/
│   └── Arduino_Electronic_Ludo_Dice.ino
│
└── README.md

Installation and Setup

1. Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/abhik-ece/Arduino-Electronic-Ludo-Dice.git

2. Open the Project

Open the project folder in Arduino IDE or VS Code.

3. Open the Arduino Code

Navigate to:

src/Arduino_Electronic_Ludo_Dice.ino

4. Connect the Arduino

Connect the Arduino board to your computer using USB.

5. Select Board

In Arduino IDE:

Tools → Board

Select the appropriate Arduino board.

6. Select Port

Go to:

Tools → Port

Select the connected Arduino COM port.

7. Upload

Click:

Upload

After uploading, press the push button to start the dice.

Operating Sequence

Power ON
   |
   v
Arduino initializes
   |
   v
Wait for button press
   |
   v
Button pressed
   |
   v
Short buzzer beep
   |
   v
Random LED rolling
   |
   v
Rolling sound
   |
   v
Final random value
   |
   v
Display dice value
   |
   v
Wait for next button press

Applications

This project can be used for:

Electronic Ludo
Digital board games
Educational electronics
Arduino learning
Embedded systems demonstrations
Interactive electronics projects
Microcontroller programming practice

Advantages

Simple hardware
Low component cost
Easy to build
Easy to modify
No external display required
Provides both visual and audio feedback
Demonstrates practical Arduino programming

Limitations

The random generator is pseudo-random.
The project currently supports a single dice.
The final value is displayed only through LEDs.
The buzzer provides tones rather than recorded speech.
The circuit currently uses a breadboard-based implementation.

Future Improvements

Possible future upgrades include:

OLED or LCD display
Rechargeable battery
3D-printed enclosure
Adjustable rolling speed
Multiple dice support
Multiplayer score tracking
Bluetooth connectivity
Wi-Fi connectivity
Custom sound effects
Battery level monitoring
Compact PCB design

Learning Outcomes

This project demonstrates practical concepts including:

Arduino programming
Digital input and output
Push-button interfacing
Internal pull-up resistors
LED control
Random number generation
Buzzer interfacing
Functions in embedded C/C++
Hardware-software integration
Git and GitHub workflow

Technologies Used

Arduino
Arduino C/C++
Digital Electronics
LED Control
Push Button
Buzzer
Random Number Generation
Git
GitHub

Author

Abhik

Electronics & Communication Engineering

Repository

GitHub:

https://github.com/abhik-ece/Arduino-Electronic-Ludo-Dice

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
images		images
src		src
README.md		README.md

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